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(b) An option may not be exercised unless the grantee has determined that the option price is better than prices available in <br />the market or that the option is the more advantageous offer at the time the option is exercised. <br />10. CONTRACT COST AND PRICE ANALYSIS FOR EVERY PROCUREMENT ACTION. Grantees must perform <br />a cost or price analysis in connection with every proeurement action, including conVact modifications. The method and degree <br />of anatysis is dependent on the facts surrounding the particular procurement situation, but as a starting point, grantees must make <br />independent estimates before receiving bids or proposals. <br />a Cost Analysis. A cost enalysis must be performed when the offeror is required to submit the elements (i.e., Labor Hours, <br />Ova}~eac~ Mate:ials, etc.) of the estimatsd cost, e.g., under professional consulting and architectural and engineering services <br />contracts. <br />A cost analysis will be necessary when adequate price competition is lacking and for sole source procurements, inctuding <br />oonh~ct modifications or change orders, unless price reasonableness can be established on the basis of a catalog or market <br />price of a commercial product sold in substantial quantities to the gentral public or on the basis of prices set by law or <br />regulation. <br />b. Price Analysis. A price anatysis may be usad in all other instances to determine the reasonableness of lhe proposed contract <br />price. <br />c. rofit. Grantees will negotiate prafit as a separate element of the price for each contract in which there is no price <br />competition and in a11 cases where c~ost analysis is perfonned. To establish a fair end reasonable profit, consideration will be <br />given to the cornplexiry of the wak to be performed, the risk borne by the contractor, the contractor's investment, the amount <br />of subcaitracting, the quality of its racord of past perfonnance, and industry profit rates in ihe surrounding geographical area <br />for similar work. <br />d Federal Cost Principles. Costs or prices based on estimated costs for contracts under grants will be allowable only to the <br />ex~lt ihat ~osts inc~ or oosc estimatrs included in negotiated prices ere consistent with Federal cost principles. Grantees <br />may refcrence their ovm cost ptinciples that comply with applicable Fedecsl cost principles. <br />e. Cost Plus Percenta~e of Cost Prohibited The cost plus a percentage of cost and percentage of conswction cost methods <br />of contracting shall not be used. <br />i l. BONDING REQUIREMENTS. For those construction or facility improvement contracts or subconvacts exceeding <br />$100,000, FTA may eccept the bonding policy and requirat~ents of the grantee, pt+ovided that they meet the minimum requirements <br />for constivction contracts as follows: <br />a A bid guarantee from each bidder a~uivalent w fiv~e (5) percent of the bid price. The "bid guarantee" shall consist of a firm <br />commitment such as a bid bond, certified check, or other negotiable instrument accompanying a bid as assurance that the <br />bidder will, upcm acceptance of his bid, eacecute such contractual documents as mey be required within the time spec~ed; <br />b. A perfonnance bond on the part of the contractor for 100 pq~eent of the contract price. A"performance bond" is one <br />executed in connection with a contract to secure fulfillment of all the contractor's obligadons under such contract; and <br />c. A payment bond on the part of the contractor. A payment bond is one executed in connection with a contract to assure <br />payment, as required by law, of all persons supplying labor and mataial in the execution of the work provided for in the <br />contract. Payment bond emounts required from contractors are as follows: <br />(1) 50% of the contract price if the contract price is not more than ~ 1 millicm; <br />(2) 40% of the contract price if the contract price is more than S 1 million but not more than $5 million; or <br />(3) 52.5 million if the contract price is more than SS million. <br />d. A cash deposit, certifiod check or other negotiable insUvment may be accxpied by a grantee in lieu of performance and <br />payn~ent bonds, provided the grantce has established a procedure to assure that the interest of FTA is adequately protected. <br />